Kutalika kwa Makina Owoneka bwino ndi njira zoyeserera

1.Kocal kutalika kwa njira zamagetsi

Kutalika kwambiri ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri cha dongosolo lamakolo, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kutalika, timakhala ndi luntha, timawunika apa.
Kutalika kwa dongosolo lamitu, kutanthauzira ngati mtunda kuchokera kudera lamisomu lamitengo yamakope poyang'ana mtengo, ndi muyeso wa ndende kapena kusiyanasiyana kwa mavesi. Timagwiritsa ntchito chotsatirachi pofotokoza tanthauzo lake.

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Pa chithunzi pamwambapa, chofanizira chofanizira kuchokera kumanzere, mutadutsa njira yolumikizirana, mzere wophatikizira wa ray netraction ndi ma axis okhazikika pa P2, yomwe Amatchedwa mfundo yayikulu (kapena malo owoneka bwino), mtunda pakati pa mfundo zazikuluzikulu ndi chithunzicho, ndi momwe timatchula kutalika kwake, dzina lonse ndi lalitali kwambiri.
Itha kuwonekanso kuchokera pa chithunzi chomwe mtunda wotsiriza wa dongosolo lamitu momwe limakhalira kuti F y f 'la chithunzicho chimatchedwa kumbuyo kwa kutalika (Bfl). Mofananamo, ngati mtengo wofananawo ndi womwe umachitika kuchokera kumbali yakumanja, palinso malingaliro a kutalika kwakutali komanso kutalika kwakutali (FFL).

2. Njira Zoyeserera Zakatali

Pochita izi, pali njira zambiri zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyesa kutalika kwa mawonedwe akon. Kutengera mfundo zosiyanasiyana, njira zazitali zoyeserera zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu. Gulu loyamba limakhazikitsidwa ndi malo a ndege, gawo lachiwiri limagwiritsa ntchito ubale pakati pa kukula ndi kutalika kuti muchepetse njira yolumikizira mtengo.
Mu gawo lino, tidzayambitsa njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kutalika kwa mawonedwe a mavesi ::

2.1CNjira ya Ollimator

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito collimator kuyesa kutalika kwa njira yokhotakhota ndi monga momwe chithunzi pansipa:

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Mu chithunzi, njira yoyeserera imayikidwa pamalo a Collimator. Kutalika kwa y ya mayeso oyeserera ndi kutalika kwa fc'Mwa wolumala amadziwika. Mtengo wofanizira wophatikizidwa ndi olumira amapangidwa ndi makina oyesedwa ndi oyeserera ndikuwunika pa ndege, kutalika kwake kwa makina owoneka bwino kwambiri. Kutalika kwa njira yoyeserera kumatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yotsatirayi:

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2.2 gausianMnsonga
Chithunzi cha ziwopsezo cha njira ya gaassian poyesa kutalika kwa njira yam'maso kukuwonetsedwa ngati pansipa:

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Mu chithunzi, kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo komwe kwa madictical njira yoyesedwa kumayimiriridwa ngati p ndi p 'motsatana, ndipo mtunda pakati pa ndege ziwiri ndi DP. Munjira iyi, mtengo wa DPimawerengedwa kuti imadziwika, kapena phindu lake ndilochepa ndipo limatha kunyalanyazidwa. Chojambula ndi chojambula chojambulidwa chimayikidwa kumanzere ndi kumanja, ndipo mtunda pakati pawo walembedwa monga, pomwe ndikuyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa nthawi yochepa kwambiri. Dongosolo lomwe likuyesedwa limatha kuyikidwa m'maudindo awiri, kuwonetsedwa ngati malo 1 ndi malo awiri motero. Chinthu kumanzere chimatha kuyesedwa bwino pazenera. Mtunda pakati pa malo awiriwa (odziwika kuti d) amatha kuyerekezedwa. Malinga ndi chiyanjano cha conjuguate, titha kupeza:

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Pa maudindo awiriwa, mtunda wa chinthucho umajambulidwa ngati S1 ndi S2 motero, ndiye S2 - S2 = D. Kuyambiranso mawonekedwe a njira yam'maso monga pansipa:

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2.3Lmbata
Lerometer ndi yoyenera kwambiri kuyesa njira zazitali zazitali. Chithunzi chake chachinyengo chomwe ndi motere:

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Choyamba, mandala omwe amayesedwa saikidwa munjira yamiye. Chandamale chakumanzere kumanzere kudutsa mandala ndikuyamba kuwala kofanana. Kuwala kofanana kumalumikizidwa ndi mandala omata ndi kutalika kwa f2ndikupanga chithunzi chowoneka bwino pa ndege. Pambuyo pa njira yowoneka bwino, mandala omwe amayesedwa amayikidwa munjira yamiyendo, ndipo mtunda pakati pa mandala pansi pa mayeso ndi ma lens olumikizira2. Zotsatira zake, chifukwa chochita mandala atayesedwa, mtandawo udzakanidwa, ndikupangitsa kuti ndege ikhale yowoneka bwino pamtunda watsopano. Mtunda pakati pa ufa watsopano ndi mandala osintha amadziwika ngati x. Kutengera chiyanjano cha chinthucho, kutalika kwenikweni kwa mandala komwe kumayesedwa kumatha kuphatikizidwa monga:

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Pochita izi, leonmeter yagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa magalasi owoneka bwino, ndipo ali ndi maubwino ogwirira ntchito mosavuta komanso mawu odalirika.

2.4 AbbeRefctract

The Abbe Refordicumeter ndi njira ina yoyesera kutalika kwa ma vesical. Chithunzi chake chachinyengo chomwe ndi motere:

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Ikani olamulira awiri okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana pachinthu cha mandala pansi pa mayeso, ku ScalePate 1 ndi ScalePlate 2. Kutalika kwa Scaleplate ndi Y1 ndi Y2. Mtunda pakati pa ma scalepulate awiri ndi e, ndi ngodya pakati pa mzere wapamwamba wa wolamulira ndi ma axis axis ndi inu. Wofalitsidwa amangoyerekeza ndi mandala oyesedwa ndi kutalika kwa f. Microscope imayikidwa pamatumbo kumapeto. Posunthira malo a ma microscope, zithunzi zapamwamba za ma scalepulate ziwirizi zimapezeka. Pakadali pano, mtunda pakati pa microscope ndi ma axis owoneka bwino amadziwika ngati y. Malinga ndi chiyanjano cha chinthucho, titha kupeza kutalika kwake:

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2.5 kuwononga decomertryNjira
Njira ya Morémetry imagwiritsa ntchito zigamulo ziwiri za zigawenga za ronchi m'matumba owoneka bwino. Ronchi akulamulira ndi gulu lokhala ngati ma chromiaum film pagalasi, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuchita mavesi am'madzi. Njira yomwe imagwirira ntchito machiritso a Moré opangidwa ndi makola awiriwa kuti ayesere kutalika kwa mavesi. Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi mfundoyi ndi motere:

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Mu chithunzi pamwambapa, chinthu chomwe chikuwoneka, atadutsa kudzera mwa Collimator, amakhala mtengo wofanana. Munjira yam'madzi, osawonjezera mandala oyeserera koyamba, mtengo womwe umafanana ndi ma grat awiri okhala ndi makona a θ ndi grating ya D, ndikupanga ma moré. Kenako, ma lens oyesedwa amaikidwa munjira yamagetsi. Kuwala koyambirira, ndikatsutsidwa ndi mandala, kumabala kutalika kwina. Ma radius a curvature a buramu amatha kupezeka kuchokera ku njira yotsatirayi:

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Nthawi zambiri mandala omwe amayesedwa amaikidwa pafupi kwambiri ndi kuvala koyamba, kotero phindu lililonse lomwe lili pamwambapa limafanana ndi kutalika kwa mandala. Ubwino wa njirayi ndikuti imatha kuyesa kutalika kwa kutalika kwa kutalika kwa kutalika kwa kutalika.

2.6FiberAKuthekeraMnsonga
Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito njira yam'madzi yam'madzi imayesa kutalika kwa mandala ikuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi pansipa. Imagwiritsa ntchito makopu a fiber kuti atulutse mtengo womwe umadutsa ma lens omwe amayesedwa kenako pagalasi la ndege. Njira zitatu zowoneka bwino zomwe zimayimira mikhalidwe yam'maso mkati mwa cholinga, mkati mwa chidwi, komanso kunja kwa cholinga. Posunthira malo a mandala pansi pa mayeso mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo, mutha kupeza malo a mutu wa fiber pa cholinga. Pakadali pano, mtengowo umawombedwa, ndipo mutadziwonetsa ndi galasi la ndege, mphamvu zambiri zimabwereranso kumutu wa fiber. Njirayi ndiyosavuta makamaka molingana ndi yosavuta kukwaniritsa.

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3.Kona

Kutalika kwambiri ndi gawo lofunikira la dongosolo lamaso. Munkhaniyi, tikufotokozera lingaliro la malingaliro owoneka bwino komanso njira zake zoyesera. Kuphatikiza ndi chithunzi chojambula, timafotokoza tanthauzo la kutalika kwake, kuphatikizapo malingaliro a kutalika kwa mawonekedwe, kutalika kokhazikika, komanso kutsogolo. Pochita izi, pali njira zambiri zoyesera kutalika kwa njira yokhotakhota. Nkhaniyi imabweretsa mfundo zoyeserera za njira ya Collimator, njira yofananira ya Gausian, njira yofananira kwambiri, njira yofananira ya Abbe, njira yosinthira ku Morbe, ndi mawonekedwe a ku Autofemation Autocorimation. Ndikhulupirira kuti powerenga nkhaniyi, mumvetsetsa bwino za kutalika kwa madokotala.


Post Nthawi: Aug-09-2024